Comprehensive Guide to Special Senses Eyes and Ears Practice Test 2026 - Free Practice Questions and Study Guide

The inner retina is supplied mainly by the central retinal artery, a branch of the ophthalmic artery that travels within the optic nerve and into the retina to feed its inner layers—the nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell layer, and inner nuclear layer. In contrast, the outer retina relies on the choroidal circulation supplied by the posterior ciliary arteries. The cerebral arteries listed are not involved in retinal blood supply. So, the central retinal artery is the primary source nourishing the inner retina.